9 photos
Lucanus (Lucanus) cervus cervus
Lucanus (Lucanus) cervus ssp. cervus (LINNAEUS, 1758).
Scarabaeus cornutus DALE, 1693:389, pl.17.
Linnaeus, 1745:69; Rossel, 1746:25, pl.4-5
Scarabaeus cervus LINNAEUS, 1758:353.
Poda, 1761:21; Sulzer, 1761:3, pl.1; Geoffroy, 1762:61, pl.1; Pontopp., 1763:430; Kurz., 1765:199; Scopoli, 1763:1; De Bomare, 1764:486; Gronov, 1764:147; Muller, 1764:2; Schaeffer, 1766:pl.9; Linnaeus, 1767:559; Schluga, 1767:pl.1; De Geer, 1774:327, pl.12; Fabricius, 1775:1
Lucanus capreolus FUESSLY, 1775:3
Lucanus dorcas MULLER, 1776:52
Sulzer, 1776:19, pl.2; Bergstrasser, 1778:18, 25, pl.4, 13; Fuessly, 1778:63; Schaeffer, (1766)-1779:pl.133; Barbut, 1781:15, pl.2; Fabricius, 1781:1; Fuessly, 1781:2; Schrank, 1781:32; Von Laichart., 1781:1; Von Scheven, 1782:60; Panzer, 1783:36, pl.29
Lucanus cervus LINNAEUS; De Asso, 1784
Leske, 1784:464; Bonsd., 1785:221; Fourcroy, 1785:2; Von Moll, 1785:149; Fabricius, 1787:1; Petagna, 1787:1; Von Meidinger, 1787:117; Zschach, 1788:1; De Villers, 1789:41
Lucanus capra OLIVIER, 1789:9-12, pl.1-2
Schrank, 1789:374; Von Razoum., 1789:138; Brahm, 1790:124, 130
Lucanus armiger HERBST, 1790:287, 289, 299, 301, pl.D-E, pl.33-34.
Lucanus hircus HERBST, 1790:287, 289, 299, 301, pl.D-E, pl.33-34.
Linnaeus (ed. Gmelin), 1790:1588; Preyssler, 1790:9; Roesel, 1790:1749, pl.iv; Rossi, 1790:1-2; Scriba, 1790:40; Mayer, 1791:181; Donovan, 1792:31, pl.13; Fabricius, 1792:236-237; Kugelann, 1792:255; Martyn, 1792:pl.5; Brahm, 1793:657; Fabricius, 1793:236; Schwarz, 1793:84; Panzer, 1795:244; Hoppe, 1796:169, 179; Hoppe, 1797:179, 200; Panzer, 1798:11;
Olivier (ed. Illiger), 1800:55-59; Paykull, 1800:45; Walther, 1800:352; Fabricius, 1801:248-249
Lucanus inermis MARSHAM, 1802:46, 48, pl.2 [Loc. ?].
Blumenb., 1803:321; Latreille, 1804:246, pl.86; Posselt, 1804:15, pl.ii; Duftschm., 1805:64; Panzer, 1805:110; Bechst. & Scharfenb., 1805:80; Sturm, 1805:pl.1-2; Thunberg, 1806:190-191; Fallen, 1807:12, 22
Lucanus grandis HAWORTH, 1807:77
Latreille, 1807:135; Gyllenhall, 1808:65-66; Schonherr, 1817:318, 320-321; W.S. Macleay, 1819:114; Blot, 1824:84; Muller, 1825:553-672; Klug, 1829:365, pl.15; Stephens, 1830:166; Davis, 1832:86; Curtis, 1834:490; Audoin, 1835:81; Pictet, 1836:393; Dejean, 1837:193; Mulsant, 1839:119, pl.2; Newport, 1839:853-994; Ratzeburg, 1839:105; Westwood, 1839:187; Castelnau, 1840:171; Spry & Shuckard, 1840:34, pl.42; Heer, (1838)-1842:495
Lucanus microcephalus MULSANT, 1842:8, 583, 586, pl.3
La Ferté Senectère en Mulsant, 1842:8; Burmeister, (1835)-1843:pl.24; Sturm, 1843:347, pl.5; Tulk, 1843:451; Brulle, 1844:271-374; Desmarest, 1845:53
Lucanus americanus HOPE & WESTWOOD, 1845:9-10 [N. America, error]
Lucanus lusitanicus HOPE & WESTWOOD, 1845:9-10 [Portugal].
Lucanus vicinus HOPE & WESTWOOD, 1845:9-10 [Poonah, error].
Motschulsky, 1845:60; Bellier de la Chavignerie, 1846:28; Blanchard, 1846:322
Lucanus major BURMEISTER, 1847:350, 527
Erichson, 1848:936, 938; Kriechbaun., 1848:208;
Reiche, 1853:71; Perris, 1854:105; Mulsant & Godart, 1855:250; Mulsant & Godart, 1855:150; Lacordaire, 1856:23; Reiche, 1856:81; Delarouzee, 1859:98; Delarouzee, 1859:42; Duval, 1859:7, 9-10, pl.1; Gerst., 1859:110; Deyrolle, 1860:22; Kraatz, 1860:68, 265, 273, pl.7; Parry, 1864:71; Abeille de Perrin, 1867:65, 70; Cornelius, 1867:435; Cornelius, 1868:33; Landois, 1868:88-95, pl.vi; MacLachlan, 1868:ix; Motschulsky, 1870:25-31, 34, pl.2; De Narcillac, 1871:186; Hochuth, 1871:85; Mulsant & Rey, 1871:8, 14, 16; Schioedte, 1873:342-345, pl.15; Redtenbacher, 1874:451; Schiodte, 1874:341, pl.xviii-xix; Schlechtendal, 1874:25; Schlechtendal, 1875:158; Kraatz, 1876:72; Rossi, 1876:95; Schmidt-Goebel, 1876:392; Perris, 1877:101-102, pl.5; Rossi, 1878:227; Schreiber, 1878:259; Brandt, 1879:1-17; Cotton, 1880:83-84; Reichenau, 1880:55; Rupertsberger, 1880:142; Hammond, 1881:14-26, pl.2; Reichenau, 1881:172-194; Kraatz, 1883:27; Leboeuf, 1883:45; Strubing, 1883:159; Cornelius, 1884:33; Smith, 1885:27; Frivaldsky, 1886:78; Gadeau de Kerville, 1886:176; Fallou, 1889:141; Rousseau, 1889:170; Fowler, 1890:4; Planet, 1890:156-157, 164-165, 215-216
Lucanus antennatus REY, 1890:164
Reitter, 1891:142-143; Verhoeff, 1893:113-170; Verhoeff, 1893:209-260; Binet, 1894:449-580; Pottier, 1894:27; Rupertsberger, 1894:146; Borgschulze, 1895:131; Caradja, 1895:77; Eggers, 1895:131; Schaufuss, 1895:111; Selmons, 1895:52; Planet, 1896:11, 99, 168, 238, 256; Planet, 1897:64, 192, 229, 267; Weise, 1897:389; Bothe, 1899:140; Planet, 1899:31, 35, 42, 46, 55, 58, 62, 64-65, 104, 107, pl.9, 10, 14; Rupertsberger, 1899:235; Stichel, 1899:19
Lucanus longipennis VON ROTHENBURG, 1900:99
Jarder, 1901:28; Le Senechal, 1901:190; Xambeau, 1901:604; Planet, 1902:52, 100, 111, 114-115, 119, 120, 125; Weber, 1902:335; Biedermann, 1903:395-481
Lucanus cervus LINNAEUS; Champion, 1903
Lucanus cervus LINNAEUS; Champion, 1904
Marchand, 1904:37; Rudow, 1904:179, 187, 196; Schuster, 1904:338; Amman, 1905:139; Scabra, 1905:7-8, pl.; Rey, 1906:59; Barthe, 1909:5-6; Chagrin, 1909:404; Reitter, 1909:299, pl.68; Chinaglia, 1910:1-8, 25-39; Leoni, 1910:153
Lucanus capitalis MOLLENKAMP, 1910:242, 575
Schieser, 1910:29; Bedel, 1911:8; Kapzov, 1911:297-337; Krizenecky, 1911:113; Pic, 1911:399; Sasse, 1911:69-104
Lucanus validus MOLLENKAMP, 1912:302 [Borneo, error].
Muzik, 1912:189; Ramme, 1912:37; Roubal, 1912:386; Sirguey, 1912:134; Boileau, 1913:218, 220; Bordas, 1913:358-364; Fairmaire & Planet, 1913:195, pl.9; Kuhnt, 1913:380; Bordas, 1914:181-183; Braatz, (1913)-1914:267; Moritz, 1914:138; Stellwag, 1914:359-429; Chinaglia, 1915:7; Houlbert & Monnot, 1915:4, 6; Labitte, 1916:105; Schaufuss, 1916:1252, pl.48; Verhoeff, 1916:354-372; Della Beffa, 1921:3; Houlbert (1912)-1921:167; Dudich, 1923:129; Grutzner, 1924:130; Nagel, 1924:398-399; Henriksen, 1925:134-143; Nagel, 1928:273
Lucanus ornatus BERNAU, 1929:72
Catherine, 1929:5-6; Vignon, 1929:89-125; Gadeau de Kerville, 1930:63; Nagel, 1930:90; Goldschmidt, 1931
Lucanus nigrinus MARCH, 1931.
Marcu, 1931:214; Portevin, 1931:2-3, pl.6; Roubal, 1931:36; Baudrimont, 1932:116; Franz, 1932:134; Joy, 1932:242; Joy, 1932:pl.69; Kraemer, 1932:321; Kraemer, 1932:86-117; Porta, 1932:371; Didier, 1933:24, pl.1; Hepp, 1933:126-127; Hepp, 1934:84; Golovyanko, 1935:38; Van Emden, 1935:194, 200; Hepp, 1936:173; Paulian, 1936:751-759; Didier, 1937:xxxviii, xlii; Muller & Schoop, 1937:41-116; Palm, 1941:17; Van Emden, 1941:119; Garnier, 1945:110; Sellier & Razet, 1947:223-225; Colas, 1949:128-131; Didier, 1949:pl.1, 3;
Leiler, 1950:157; Muller & Schoop, 1950:17-18; Arrow, 1951:pl.8; Condrillier, 1951:20; Brull, 1952; Didier & Séguy, 1952:pl.15, 17, 24; Tressens, 1952:57; Auber, 1953:99-100; Didier & Séguy, 1953:27-32; Tippmann, 1954; Theodorides, 1955; Britton, 1956:6; Landin, 1956:1; Paulian, 1956:36; Freude, 1957:129-134; Harz, 1957:22-23; Dorn, 1958:62-64
Lucanus cervus LINNAEUS; Español, 1958
Lucanus cervus (LINNAEUS); Horion, 1958
Papperitz, 1958; Weise, 1958; De Ligondes, 1959:52-56; Franz, 1959:74-79; Marie, 1959:125-127; Paulian, 1959:38-39; Weinreich, 1959:282-283; Benesh, 1960:132, 138-140; Janssens, 1960:95; Muspratt, 1960:53; Kuhn, 1961; Colas, 1962:118; Demoulin, 1963:pl.8
Lucanus cervus f. scapulodonta WEINREICH, 1963:29.
Burton, 1965:121; Clark, 1966:199
Lucanus cervus LINNAEUS; Bahuena, 1967
Clark, 1967:24; Lacroix, 1967:98
Lucanus cervus (LINNAEUS); Freude, 1968:59-64
Lacroix, 1968:234-235; Lacroix, 1969:119-129; Machatschke, 1969; Mathieu, 1969:1061; Freude, 1971:283
Lucanus cervus (LINNAEUS); Cofais, 1972:32-33
Lovari, 1972:36
Lucanus cervus (LINNAEUS); Mal, 1972:161-167
Lacroix & Bomans, 1973:152; Kersmaekers, 1973:219; Verstraeten, Boosten & Gaspar, 1973:mapa 713; Jacobs & Renner, 1974; Radisic, 1974; Harde, 1975:16; Athias, 1976:194; Nadolski, 1976; Andersson, 1977:100
Lucanus cervus (LINNAEUS); Clark, 1977:9
Leech, 1977:69; Perrier, 1977:167; Hempel & Schiemenz, 1978; Lacroix, 1978:253; Cameron, 1980:31; De Walsche, 1980:201; Krikken, 1980:24
Lucanus cervus (LINNAEUS); Roer, 1980:248-251
Numhauser, 1981:74; Boosten, 1982:96; Decelle, 1982:203; Español & Belles, 1982:73; Klausnitzer, 1982:14, 17; Bessonnat, 1984:77-80; Lojtnant, 1984; Fellenberg, 1985:79-80; Stolk, 1985:159; Bartolozzi, 1986:12; Cruysbergh, 1986:103; Chalmers-Hunt, 1987:184; Creutz, 1987:58-59; Long, 1987:323-324; Marples, 1987:149-150; Newton, 1987:371; Sakaino, 1987:16; Alexay, 1988:24-25; Andersson, Coulianos, Ehnstrom, Hammarsted, Imby, Janzon, Lindelow & Walden, 1987:70; Gjurasin, 1988:60-61; Grayson, 1988:224; Rabil, 1988:217; Verdcourt, 1988:36; Wootton, 1988:113; Bartolozzi, 1989:104; Carriere, 1989:19-20; George, 1989:28; Pfaff, 1989:31-32; Baker, 1990:12; Hein, 1990:34; Verdcourt, 1990:196
Lucanus cervus (LINNAEUS); Zemp, Hartmann, Knecht & Sprecher, 1990.
Bowdrey, 1991:300; Gouranton, Folliot & Thomas, 1991:102-109; Kranjcev, 1991:18-19; Kuhnel, 1991:209; Mamonov, 1991:157-163; Morris, 1991:106; Newton, 1991:36-38; Shepard & Biggs, 1991:7-8; Delatour, 1992:75; Alvarez-Lao, 1992:316-323; Maes, 1992:16-17; Spooner, 1992:329-330; Baraud, 1993:61; Bartolozzi & Onore, 1993:126
Lucanus cervus (LINNAEUS); Ochse, 1993:47-52.
Whitehead, 1993:206; Wuest, 1993:132; Hecq, 1994:455; Karner, 1994:71-72; Mizunuma & Nagai, 1994:212, pl. 8-9
Lucanus cervus (LINNAEUS); Klausnitzer, 1995.
Viejo & Sanchez Cumplido, 1995:186; Bartolozzi, 1996:486; Teunissen & Smit, 1996:134-135; Araya, 1996:19; Köteles & Bokony, 1996:99; Kral & Vitner, 1996:425
Lucanus cervus (LINNAEUS); López-Colón, González Peña & Beltrán Valen, 1996:16, 18.
Lucanus cervus cervus (LINNAEUS); López-Colón, González Peña & Beltrán Valen, 1996: 17.
Cecchi & Bartolozzi, 1997:122; Heynderycx, 1997:392-393, 396; Hoekstra, 1997:93-95.
Lucanus cervus LINNAEUS; Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998:142-166.
Lucanus cervus LINNAEUS; Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998:471-479.
Lucanus cervus LINNAEUS; Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 2001:2-11.
Lucanus cervus LINNAEUS; Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 2001:161-182.
Lucanus cervus (LINNAEUS); Reyes-Castillo, 2002:486.
Lucanus cervus (LINNAEUS); Ballerio, 2003:68, 73, 82.
Norway
Sweden
Finland
Denmark
Great Britain : Borders (Eccles--55°37N-2°22W), Northumberland (Horsley--54°59N-1°09W), Cumbria (Keswick--54°36N-3°07W), W. Yorks (Burley--53°55N-1°41W, Apperley--53°51N-1°42W), Lancashire (Thornton--53°53N-3°01W), Clwyd (Prestatyn--53°20N-3°23W), Lincoln (Lincolnshire--53°13N-0°31W, Boston--52°59N-0°00--Billups), Nottingham (Nottingham--52°58N-1°09W), Derby (Derbyshire--52°56N-1°28W, Calke, Calke--Garneys), Shropshire (Wellington--52°40N-2°30W {Ercall wood, Apley wood, Ollerton wood}, Church Stretton--52°33N-2°49W), Hereford & Worcester (Bewdley--52°22N-2°20W, Bewdley--52°22N-2°20W--Blatch, Worcestershire--52°11N-2°14W), Warwick (Warwick--52°18N-1°34W, Warwick--52°18N-1°34W--Martineau), Cambridge (Cambridgeshire--52°12N-0°08E--Bloomfield), Buckingham (Buckinghamshire--52°01N-1°00W), Suffolk (Woodbridge--52°06N-1°18E, Ipswich--52°04N-1°09E, Nayland--51°58N-0°52E, Felixstowe--51°58N-1°20E), Essex (Halstead--51°57N-0°21E, Manningtree--51°56N-1°04E, Colchester--51°54N-0°54E, Braintree--51°53N-0°33E, Coggeshall--51°52N-0°41E, Marks Tey--51°52N-0°48E, Brightlingsea--51°49N-1°01E, Witham--51°48N-0°39E, West Mersea--51°47N-0°55E, Epping Forest--51°42N-0°06E, Brentwood--51°37N-0°18E, Tilbury--51°27N-0°22E), Gloucester (Cheltenham--51°54N-205°W, Birdlip--51°49N-2°07W, Newnham--51°48N-2°28W, Hardwicke--51°48N-2°18W), Hertford (Hatfield--51°47N-0°14W, Waltham Cross--51°42N-0°11W), Oxford (Oxford--51°46N-1°15W, Wallingford--51°36N-1°09W, Mapledurham Park), London (Enfield-- 51°39N-0°05W, Pinner--51°36N-0°24W, Harrow--51°35N-0°21W = Harrow North, Ilford--51°34N-0°08E, Romford--51°34N-0°11E, Uxbridge--51°33N-0°29W, Upminster--51°33N-0°15E, London--51°32N-0°15W, Southall--51°31N-0°23W, Dagenham--51°31N-0°01E, Woolwich--51°29N-0°03E, Greenwich--51°28N-0°01E, Eltham--51°27N-0°03E, Hounslow--51°25N-0°21W, Hampton--51°25N-0°21W = Hampton Court, Kingston--51°25N-0°18W, Streatham--51°25N-0°08W, Bromley--51°25N-0°01E, Sidcup--51°25N-0°07E, Wimbledon--51°23N-0°12W, Croydon--51°22N-0°06W, Sutton--51°21N-0°11W, Purley--51°20N-0°07W, Hatton Garden, Cadogan Square, New Forest), Glamorgan (Swansea--51°37N-3°56W), Buckingham (Marlow--51°35N-0°46W), Berkshire (Cookham--51°34N-0°42W, Maidenhead--51°31N-0°43W {Kimbers--Spring Hill}, Slough-- 51°31N-0°36W, Pangbourne--51°29N-1°07W {Tidmarsh}, Windsor Forest--51°29N-0°37W, Datchet--51°29N-0°35W, Caversham-- 51°28N-0°59W = Caversham Warren, Reading--51°27N-0°58W {Tilehurst}), Kent (Dartford--51°26N-0°14E, Gravesend--51°26N-0°22E, Rochester--51°25N-0°35E, Sheppey I.--51°25N-0°50E {Sheerness--51°26N-0°46E}), Surrey (Staines--51°26N-0°29W, Chertsey--51°24N-0°29W, Surbiton--51°24N-0°19W, Weybridge--51°23N-0°35W, Walton--51°23N-0°35W, Bagshot--51°22N-0°42W = Bagshot Heat, Epsom--51°20N-0°17W, Woking--51°19N-0°25W, Leatherhead--51°18N-0°20W, Box Hill--51°16N-0°20W, Merrow--51°15N-0°32W, Godalming--51°12N-0°37W, Chiddingford--51°07N-0°39W, Merton Park, Kew, Great Leight Rectory), Hampshire (Farnborough--51°17N-0°46W, Winchester--51°05N-1°19W, Bitterne--50°55N-1°22W, Southampton--50°55N-1°24W, Havant--50°52N-0°59W, New Forest--50°51N-1°35W, Beaulieu Abbey--50°49N-1°28W, Gosport--50°48N-1°08W, Lymington--50°46N-1°33W, Southsea--50°46N-1°04W), Somerset (Castle Cary--51°06N-2°31W), Wilts (Salisbury--51°05N-1°48W), Devon (Instow--51°03N-4°10W, Merton--50°53N-4°06W = Merton Park), W. Sussex (Midhurst--50°59N-0°45W, Arundel--50°51N-0°35W, Chichester--50°50N-0°48W, Shoreham-by-See--50°50N-0°17W = Shoreham, Worthing--50°49N-0°22W, West Tarring), E. Sussex (Brighton--50°46N-0°08W), Dorset (Lyme Regis--50°43N-2°57W), Cornwall (Yelverton--50°29N-4°05W, Saltash--50°24N-4°12W, Polperro--50°19N-4°31W, Truro--50°14N-5°03W), Middlesex (Teddington--Fulwell Vicarage, Heston, Lampton), Redmarley, Little Tring, Puttenham, Appleslade, Ellingham, Highwood, Linwood, Calmore, Hamble, Brightwell, Purbrook, Baughurst, Tadley, Mapledurham, Tidmarsh, Ewelme, Swyncombe Down, Bray, Henley, Eashing, Frimley, Wellington College, Brookwood, Sunninghill, Stoke Podges, Buryan, Fulwell, Mount Edgcumb, Bere Alston, Buckland Monachorum, Fingle Gorge, Slapton, Colyton, Parkestone, West Howe, Mudeford, Bransgore, West Cowes, Alverstoke, Kirby Bedon, Broxbourne, Chesnut, Wormley, Great Leighs, West Stow, Layer Breton, Layer-de-La-haye, Peldon, Tollesbury, Stanway, Boxted, Great Horkesley, Mount Bures, East Mersea, Fingringhoe, Arleigh, Elmstead, East Donyland, Thorpe-le-Soken, Wivenhoe, Dedham, Lawford, Thorrington Street, Kersey, Great Bentley, Little Bentley, Bradfield, Brantham, Holbrook, Woolverstone, Little Oakley, Guilford, Wisley, Oatlands, Shepperton, Northwood, Lancing, Sompting, Bramber, Henfield, Steyning, Brockham, Ashtead, Bookham, Ranmore, Chessington, Claygate, East Molesley, Esther, Hanworth, New Malden, Teddington, Fetcham, Heston, Kew, Lampton, Petersham, Richmond Park, Sheen, Carshalton, Mitcham, Barnes, Battersea, Cadogan Square, Chelsea, Chiswick, Fulham, Putney, Roehampton Lane, Wandsworth, Wandsworth Common, Addiscombe, Beckenham, Beddington, Norbury, Stoneleigh, Blackheat, West Dulwich, Bostall Heat, Brockley, Catford, Camberwell, Lambeth, Lee, Lewisham, South Norwood, Southwark, Sydenham, Hatton Garden, Holborn, Chingford, Barcombe, Abbey Wood, Charlton, Chislehurst, Danson Park, Plumstead Common, Upper Belvedere, Leyton, Loughton, Theydon Bois, Lullingstone, Darenth Park, Harold Wood, Larkfield, Grays, Stifford, West Thurrock, Aylesford, Birling, Ditton;
Netherlands : Drenthe, Overijssel--Twente, Gelderse Vallei, Utrecht (Utrechtse Heuvelrug), Noord-Brabant, Zuid-Limburg, Eysden, Alpesdroom;
Belgium : Anvers (Merxem, Postel), Limbourg (Lanaken--50°53N-5°39E, Vliermaalroot--50°50N-5°23E, Canne), Brabant (Louvain--50°52N-4°42E, Uccle--50°49N-4°21E, Overijse--50°46N-4°34E, Halle--50°44N-4°14E, Boistfort, Hoeilart, Bois de la Cambre, Etterbeek, Auderghem, Rouge-Cloître, Watermael, Boendael, Notre-Dame-au-Bois, Linkebeek, Rhode-Sainte-Genèse, Buysinghen, Assche), Liège (Wandre--50°40N-5°40E, Liège--50°38N-5°35E, Jupille--50°38N-5°38E, Chênée--50°37N-5°37E, Chaudfontaine--50°34N-5°40E, Huy--50°31N-5°15E, Sart--50°31N-5°57E, Spa--50°29N-5°52E, Aywaille--50°28N-5°40E, Bois d'Aywaille--50°28N-5°40E--Kin, Fléron, Ougrée, Embourg, Chèvremont, Beaufays, Tilff, Strée, Bois l'Evèque, Val Benoît, Jemeppe, Cointe, Beyne, Méry), Hainaut (Chimay--50°03N-4°19E--Forges-lez-Chimay, Harmignies, Vergnies), Namur (Namur--50°28N-4°52E, Hastière--50°14N-4°42E, Eprave, Foy-Notre-Dame, Waulsort, Marche-les-Dames), Luxembourg (Saint-Hubert--50°02N-5°23E, Bouillon--49°47N-5°05E, Laroche, Izel, Mardesous);
Luxembourg (Echternach--49°49N-6°26E--Berdorf);
France : Nord (Armentières--50°41N-2°52E), Calvados (Saint Aubain--49°20N-0°23W, Pont l'Evêque--49°17N-0°11E, Bures), Aisne (Vise), Marne (Chalons-sur-Marne--48°58N-4°22E), Meuse, Yvelines (Poissy--48°55N-2°05E, Saint Germain en Laye--48°52N-2°05E, Draveil, Jubisy, Bois de Boulogne, Auteuil, Longchamps, Achères, Neuilly, Vincennes, Vésinet, Croissy, Bougival, Marly), Val D'Oise (Montmorency--48°59N-2°22E), Hauts-De-Seine (Meudon--48°50N-2°15E), Paris (Paris--48°50N-2°20E), Essonne (Brétigny-sur-Orge--48°37N-2°18E), Finistère (Benodet--47°53N-4°07W), Morbihan (Grandchamp--47°46N-2°51E), Seine-Et-Marne (Melun--48°33N-2°38E--Mée), Terr. de Belfort (Delle--47°31N-6°59E), Indre-Et-Loire (Tours--47°25N-0°42E), Loir-Et-Cher (Romorantin--47°22N-1°44E), Cher (Meillant), Côte d'Or (Petigny), Allier (Saint Ennemond, Saint Evremond, Tronçais), Saône et Loire (Les Antoines, Issy l'Evêque), Charentes Maritimes (Montguyon--45°11N-0°12W), Charente (Féolle, Floirac), Dordogne, Limousin, Loire (Saint Etienne--45°28N-4°25E), Isère, Haute-Savoie (Chamonix--45°55N-6°51E, Annecy--45°54N-6°07E), Gironde (Bordeaux--44°50N-0°37W, La Ruscade), Lot-Et-Garonne (Agen--44°11N-0°40E), Tarn-Et-Garonne (Puylaroque, Montauban--44°00N-1°12E), Aveyron (Decazeville--44°33N-2°14E, Saint-George de Luzençon), Ardèche (Casteljau, Saint-Remèze, bois de Païolive), Drôme (Saint Donat sur l'Herbasse--45°07N-4°59E), Landes (Parentis--44°21N-1°07W, Dax--43°42N-1°02W), Gers (Escorneboeuf), Pyrénées-Atlantiques (Salies de Bearn--43°29N-0°58W, Saint Jean de Luz--43°21N-1°26W, Pau--43°18N-0°25W), Hautes Pyrénées (Lourdes--43°06N-0°02E, Cauterets--42°52N-0°03W, Lespoune), Ariège (Pamiers--43°06N-1°37E, Foix--42°03N1°36E), Tarn (Grésigne), Aude (Esperanza), Pyrénées Orientales (La Massane, Ria, Banyuls), Hérault (Montpellier--43°36N-3°57E, Saint Gély, Saint Guilhem, Minerve), Bouches du Rhône (Auriol--43°22N-5°38E, Marseille--43°17N-5°24E, Géménos--43°17N-5°37E, Saint Pons), Vaucluse (Mts. du Luberon--43°50N-5°20E, Oppéde), Alpes de Haute Provence (Banon--44°02N-5°37E, Riez--43°49N-6°05E), Var (Le Luc--43°24N-6°19E, La Roquebrussane--43°20N-5°59E, Mts. Sainte Baume--43°19N-5°45E, Forêt de Sainte-Baume--43°19N-5°45E, Pignans--43°18N-6°14E, Signes--43°17N-5°50E, Montrieux le Vieux--43°15N-5°58E, Collobrières--43°15N-6°19E, Belgentier--43°14N-6°01E, Toulon--43°07N-5°55E, Hyères--43°07N-6°04E, Correns, forêt de Morrières, Evenos, Aiguines, Mt. Touar, Valbelle), Alpes Maritimes (Saint Cézaire, Gilette), Corse--42°N-9°E, ? (Guyon, Saint Martin Vesubie);
Spain : Cantabria : Potes, 43°09 N - 4°37 W
Spain : Guipúzcoa : Tolosa, 43°09 N - 2°05 W
Spain : Cataluña
Spain : Huesca : Torla, 42°38 N - 0°06 W
Spain : Huesca : Benasque, 42°36 N - 0°31 W
Spain : Huesca : Valle de Gistain, 42°36 N - 0°20 E
Spain : Huesca : Plan, 42°35 N - 0°20 E
Spain : Huesca : Jaca, 42°34 N - 0°33 W
Spain : Huesca : Loarre, 42°19 N - 0°37 W
Spain : Huesca : La Peña
Spain : Teruel : Albarracín, 40°30 N - 1°34 W
Germany : Hamburg (Hamburg--53°32N-10°00E), Nordrhein-Westfalen (Dortmund--51°31N-7°27E), Hessen (Wetzlar--50°33N-8°31E, Kassel--51°19N-9°28E), Rheinland (Koblenz--50°22N-7°36E), Baden-Wurtemberg (Pforzheim--48°55N-8°42E), Rostock, Schwerin, Neubrandenburg, Magdeburg, Potsdam (Velten--52°41N-13°11E), Berlin, Frankfurt, Halle, Cottbus, Erfurt, Leipzig, Dresden, Suhl, Gera, Chemnitz = Karl-Marx-Stadt, ? (Kauden, Bentheumer Woud);
Poland;
Czech Rep. : Vinnéjezero, Pálava Biosphere Reserve;
Slovakia;
Switzerland : Basel : Kleinhuningen, 47°35 N - 7°35 E, 252 m, 1955 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Basel : Riehen, 47°35 N - 7°39 E : Schaferstrasse, 281 m, 1988 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Basel : Bachgraben, 275 m (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Basel : Baumlihof, 259 m (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Basel : Lange Erlen, 253 m, 1965 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Basel : Schwarz-Park, 261 m, 1992 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Basel : Bettingen, 47°34 N - 7°40 E : Chrischona, 470 m (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Basel : Basel, 47°33 N - 7°35 E (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Augst, 47°32 N - 7°43 E : Schlossli, 274 m, 1989 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Augst, 47°32 N - 7°43 E : Schonbuhl, 289 m, 1965 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Munchenstein, 47°31 N - 7°37 E : Hofmatt, 273 m, 1984 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Munchenstein, 47°31 N - 7°37 E : Ob. Wannen, 332 m, 1990 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Muttenz, 47°31 N - 7°39 E : Schanzli, 260 m, 1991 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Muttenz, 47°31 N - 7°39 E : Rutihard, 370 m, 1990 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Giebenacht, 47°31 - 7°48, 318 m, 1992 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Therwil, 47°30 N - 7°33 E : Froloo, 391 m, 1942 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Reinach, 47°30 N - 7°35 E : Leiwald, 310 m (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Arlesheim, 47°30 N - 7°37 E : Spitalholz, 348 m, 1990 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Arlesheim, 47°30 N - 7°37 E : Schwimmbad, 300 m (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Arlesheim, 47°30 N - 7°37 E : Reichenstein, 460 m (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Lausen, 47°29 N - 7°45 E, 344 m, 1984 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Blauen, 47°27 N - 7°31 E : Weekendhauser, 570 m (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Bubendorf, 47°27 N - 7°44 E : Wildenstein, 475 m (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Zwingen, 47°26 N - 7°32 E : Bahnhof, 339 m, 1995 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Himmelried, 47°26 N - 7°35 E: Steffen, 574 m, 1995 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Windentalhohe, 420 m, 1989 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Grammont, 539 m, 1989 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Schleifenberg, 534 m, 1990 (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Bern : Uetental, 380 m (citated by Sprecher-Uebersax & Durrer, 1998).
Switzerland : Jura : Lajoux, 47°17 N - 7°08 E
Switzerland : Vaud : Genève, 46°12N-6°09E
Switzerland : Bagatz
Osterreich : Ost-Tirol : Thuringen, 47°12 N - 9°46 E
Osterreich : Donau : Neuburg Bergheim
Osterreich : Wien, 48°12 N-16°21 E
Hungary : Mt. Bukk, 48°04N-20°29E
Hungary : Gödölló, 47°37N-18°54E
Hungary : Veszprém, 47°05N-17°57E
Hungary : Lake Balaton, 46°50N-17°45E : Tihany
Hungary : Mecsek Mts., 46°10N-17°56E
Hungary : Zebegewy
Hungary : Pomaz
Hungary : Borosjenö
Hungary : Torokbalint
Romania
Italy : Piemonte (Arona--45°45N-8°32E, Biella--45°34N-8°01E), Lombardia (Varese--45°49N-8°51E--Montvalle, Como--45°48N-9°05E), Venezia Giulia (Udine--46°05N-13°12E, Udine--46°05N-13°12E--Toppo, Vittorio--45°58N-12°17E, Pordenone--45°57N-12°38E, Treviso--45°39N-12°14E, Trieste--43°40N-13°46E {San Sergio-Petrigna, Valle Ostra}), Liguria (Genova--44°22N-8°55E), Toscana (Firenze--43°47N-11°16E = Florence, Siena--43°19N-11°19E, Cortona--43°15N-12°00E, Badia Prataglia), Emilia Romagna (La Lama), Sardegna--40°10N-9°E, Sicilia--37°35N-14°15E, ? (Zattaglia);
Slovenija: Mackovci--46°47N-16°10E, Maribor--46°34N-15°37E, Celje--46°15N-15°14E, Celje--46°15N-15°14E--Ljubno ob Savinja River, Ljubljana--46°04N-14°29E, Litija--46°03N-14°52E--Hotic, Grosuplje--45°57N-14°40E--Tabor, Ajdovscina--45°53N-13°53E, Cerknica--45°48N-14°20E, Postojna--45°47N-14°11E--Javorniki, Sezana--45°43N-13°50E, Kocevje--45°39N-14°49E, Kozina--45°34N-13°56E, Bohinj--Ribcev laz, Bohinj--Vogar, ob Suhi-Bohinj, Bohinjska Bistrica, Crna prst, Gameljne, Gorica, Kamnik, Komenda, Kostanjevica, Kuzma, Lubnik, Orehovci--Gornja Radgona, Pekel--Zalec, Podgorje--Slavnik, Radenci, Rakek, Rakov Skocjan, Senozece, Sorica, Sorsko polje, Tacen, Tatre, Trzin, Vaneca, Vipava, Vodice, Zg. Tuhinj;
Bosnia & Hercegovina : Hercegovina (Konjice--43°39N-17°56E, Mostar--43°20N-17°48E);
Yugoslavia : ? (Karlovak);
Bulgaria;
Greece : Karpenision--38°55N-21°46E;
Turkey;
Russia : to Ural and Caucasus (Terek River, Khosta);
Iran.
Note : this species is protected by Bern Convention appendix 3; Habitat Direction appendix 2; Regional Law of Toscana, Italia, appendix A and B (Ballerio, 2003).
Xylophagous :
Betulaceae : Alnus, Carpinus.
Fagaceae : Quercus, Fagus.
Hippocastanaceae : Aesculus.
Juglandaceae : Juglans.
Malaceae : Pyrus, Malus.
Moraceae : Morus.
Oleaceae : Fraxinus.
Pinaceae : Picea, Pinus.
Rosaceae : Cerasus, Prunus.
Salicaceae : Salix, Populus.
Tiliaceae : Tilia.
Ulmaceae : Ulmus.
Saproxylophagous :
Aceraceae : Acer.
Fagaceae : Quercus.
Can breed in compost (artificial soil).
Natural enemies :
Birds : Corvidae : Pica.
? : Caprimulgus europaeus, Strix aluco.
Acarina : Uropodidae : Polyaspis patavinus.
? : Isacis cuspidat, Isacis lucani, Megaselia rufipes, Monocercomonas melolonthae.
Bibliografía :
BAGUENA L. (1967) Scarabaeoidea de la fauna íbero-balear y pirenaica. C.S.F.C. Madrid, 1955 (publicado en 1967): 1-567.
BALLERIO A. (2003) EntomoLex : la conservazione degli insetti e la legge. Memorie Soc. entomol. Italiana, 82(1):17-86.
COFAIS M. (1972) Un cas tératologique chez Lucanus cervus. L'Entomologiste, 28:32-33.
CLARK J.T. (1977) Aspects of variation in the sag beetle. Systematic Entomology, 2:9-16.
FREUDE H. (1968) Uber Mandibel-Anomalitaten bei Lucanus cervus. Nachrichtenblatt der Bayerischen Entomologen, 17:59-64.
HORION A. (1958) Faunistik der mitteleuropaischen Kafer 6: Lamellicornia. 343 pp.
KLAUSNITZER B. (1995) Die Hirschkafer. Neue Brehm-Bucherei, 551:109 pp.
LOPEZ-COLON J.I., GONZALEZ PEÑA C.F. & BELTRAN VALEN J.R. (1996) Familia : Lucanidae. Catalogus de la Entomofauna Aragonesa, No. 12:15-20.
MAL N. (1972) Sur le polymorphisme antennaire d'une population provençale de Lucanus cervus. L'Entomologiste, 38:161-166.
OCHSE M. (1993) Angaben zum Hirschkafer, Lucanus cervus L., bei Kassel. Hessische faunistische Briefe, 13:47-52.
REYES-CASTILLO P. (2002) 27. Lucanidae. Pp. 485-492. En LLORENTE BOUSQUETS J. & MORRONE J.J. Biodiversidad, Taxonomía y Biogeografía de Artrópodos de México : Hacia una síntesis de su conocimiento. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Vol. III:692 pp.
ROER H. (1980) Zur Verbreitung und Bestandesdichte des Hirschkafers im Rheinland. Acta Musei Rigenaehradecensis, Serie A, Supplement: 248-251.
SPRECHER-UEBERSAX E. & DURRER H. (1998) Uber das Vorkommen des Hirschkafers (Lucanus cervus L.) in der Region Basel (Coleoptera). Mitt. Ent. Ges. Basel, 48(4):142-166.
SPRECHER-UEBERSAX E. & DURRER H. (1998) Untersuchungen zum Stridulationsverhalten der Hirschkafer-Larven (Lucanus cervus L.) (Coleoptera : Lucanidae). Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 71:471-479.
SPRECHER-UEBERSAX E. & DURRER H. (2001) Beobachtungen zur Nahrungswahl des Hirschkafers (Lucanus cervus L.) (Coleoptera). Mitteilungen der Entomologischen Gesellschaft Basel, 51(1):2-11.
SPRECHER-UEBERSAX E. & DURRER H. (2001) Verhaltenstudien beim Hirschkafers mittels Telemetrie und Videoaufzeichnungen (Coleoptera, Lucanus cervus L.). Mitteilungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaften beider Basel, 5:161-182.
ZEMP M., HARTMANN K., KNECHT D. & SPRECHER-UEBERSAX E. (1990) Arlesheimer Wald Spitalholz 1990. Unveroffentliches Manuskript zuhanden der Kober-Schwabe-Stiftung Arlesheim, 59 pp.
TEXT : MAES JEAN-MICHEL
PICTURES : GALANT ALAIN